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KMID : 0904520080230010133
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Health and Medical Sociology
2008 Volume.23 No. 1 p.133 ~ p.167
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What Has Accomplished in Advanced Countries to Enhance Gender Sensitiveness in the Health-related National R&D Projects: Experiences of USA and EU
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Chung Jin-Joo
Choi Seong-Soo
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Abstract
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So far, only a few studies have investigated Korean national research and development (R&D) projects in health areas from the gender-sensitive perspective. They reported problems of unbalanced gender participation and fund distribution, and they also pointed out that most national R&D projects have not considered gender seriously. Addressing this absence of gender in the Korean national R&D programs, this study examines gender-sensitive policies in the national health R&D projects of the United States and the European Union. We mainly focus on three aspects for our examination: (1) historical conditions and processes of the introduction of gender-sensitive policies, founding laws or principles, (2) contents of the policies such as organizations in charge, policy targets and concrete provisions, (3) outcomes of the policies. In particular, we pay attention to participations of researchers in research projects and clinical trials on the one hand, and gender effects of the R&D programs on the other hand. As a result of exploration of policy documents, we found that both countries have gender-sensitive perspectives and policies, gender-impact assessment systems and considerations, and increasing interests in mainstreaming gender issues in common although their policies vary in some characteristics, detailed legal obligations, focuses and ranges. Finally, we suggest some policy implications for improving the current Korean situation.
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KEYWORD
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health, R& D, gender, gender-sensitive, science
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